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Goal
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Measurement (Normally Distributed Population)
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Rank, Score, or Measurement (non-Normal)
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Binomial
(Two Possible Outcomes)
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Describe one group
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Mean, SD
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Median, interquartile range
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Proportion
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Compare one group to a hypothetical value
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One-sample t test
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Wilcoxon test
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Chi-square
or
Binomial test
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Compare two independent samples
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Unpaired t test
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Mann-Whitney test (Wilcoxon rank-sum test)
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Fisher's test
(chi-square for large samples)
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Compare two paired groups
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Paired t test
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Wilcoxon test or sign test
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Compare three or more unmatched groups
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One-way ANOVA
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Kruskal-Wallis test
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Chi-square test
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Compare three or more matched groups
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Repeated-measures ANOVA
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Quantify association between two variables
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Pearson correlation
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Spearman correlation
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Contingency coefficients
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Predict value from another measured variable
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Simple linear regression
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Predict value from several measured or binomial
variables
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Multiple linear regression
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